- India/Pakistan border
- thumbs are used to terrify
- once a day at sunset
- humanizing
- sharing in the spectacle
- 2007, bombing on the Pakistan side
- put tensions on display
Aktopraklik Hoyuk
- archeopark, preservation and presentation of an archaeological site in the area where it originally
- dates to Neolithic period
Reasons impact would be good
- nearby a large city
- already active local public outreach
- new museum
- may help increase public interest
Turkish government
Do
- emphasize uniqueness, appeal to nationalistic pride and ownership
- show economic benefit
- focus more on the recent Turkish heritage aspect
- Link the site to Europe
- Promote multiple things to see
- Universal heritage (potential link between continents, beginning move towards modern life)
- Potential for education
- Interactive experience
- Ease of access
Don't
- promote the Neolithic era only
- involve foreign students, workers, scholars as the leads
- critique the government in any way
- Display only the square holes in the ground
- move forward without consulting the local population
- assume anything
- speak on their behalf
Destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan
Need for improvement/caution
- lack of parking
- poor local transportation
- human traffic effects active excavation
- additional protection needed
Other Potential Stakeholders to Consider
- The surrounding factories/business
- scholars involved in the research of the site
Likely opposition from locals and forced control from government
many countries have legislation-any artifact that is found becomes the property of the federal government
preservation or reconstruction?
Destruction of Buddhas
- 33,000,000 population in Afghanistan
- lowest living standards in the world
- problems with medical care, housing, electricity, housing
- weak government
History of the Buddhas
- caravan route
- monks lived as hermits
- digged and carved religious statues
- extremist groups have destroyed idols and sacred sites
- groups eliminate the history of a culture
Taliban
- rid the country of all pre-Islamic "icons"
- felt worship and presence of other religions to be inferior
- forced worshipping citizens to carry out deeds
Locals and Government Officials
- statues had become a part of Bamiyan and their way of life
- Bamiyan felt like their time has been wasted
- torn on decision to rebuild or keep left alone
- does not care about building material used
- fears rebuilding will make them a target to extremist groups
UNESCO
- Germany, France, Japan and China have gotten involved
- Efforts have been made difficult by UNESCO policies
- UNESCO feels efforts should be placed to preserve other sacred sites in Bamiyan
- Claims restoration will be impossible
Will it be Restored?
- government feels UNESCO is making the process difficult
- clear call to future generations
Cultural Heritage of Auschwitz: Traumatic
- 194 miles to the Southwest of Warsaw
- 1940, Germany conquers France
- 1941, United States is no longer a neutral nation. Send goods to France and United Kingdom
case to destroy
- starvation
- deprivation
- control
Preserve
- memorial to victims
- educational attraction
- tourism
People are not playing homage/respect
There is no connection
How to deal with getting people to connect with the site
Many people are not going to respect the intense trauma associated with the site
